Bollywood is going to war! Well, not literally but visually. Don’t get us wrong. The staple Bollywood masala hero must still overcome insurmountable challenges, romance the girl and win in the end. But if a hero can also fly a plane, shoot enemies of the country, survive a couple of bullets, there is a better chance of box office success.

No wonder filmmakers have dusted off archival material to bring old war stories to celluloid — the 1971 war with Pakistan is a hot favourite. ‘Fighter’, starring Bollywood biggies Hrithik Roshan and Deepika Padukone who play fighter pilots in the Indian Air Force, released this week, and there are more such military-themed movies in the pipeline.

‘Ekkis’ by director Sriram Raghavan— slated for a 2025 release — is based on the youngest Param Vir Chakra awardee Lt Arun Ketrapal who lost his life during the 1971 war. Director Aanand L Rai has announced ‘Gorkha’ on Gorkha regiment’s Maj Gen Ian Cardozo and the pivotal role he played in the 1971 war, while Tamil director Rajkumar Periyasamy has begun shooting for a film on Major Mukund Varadarajan who killed three terrorists in J&K’s Shopian district and was awarded the Ashok Chakra posthumously.

‘Fighter’ co-producer and filmmaker Ramon Chibb has announced a film on Narendra ‘Bull’ Kumar recently. Col Kumar, who was awarded the Padma Shri, carried out multiple expeditions in the Siachen glacier area in the late 1970s and early 1980s which laid the basis for the Army’s success in Operation Meghdoot.

Last year, there were three Bollywood films on the armed forces, including the Sam Bahadur biopic starring Vicky Kaushal, and ‘Pippa’ that was released on OTT featuring Ishaan Khatter and ‘Tejas’ that showcased Kangana Ranaut as a woman fighter pilot helming a military spy operation. The first two received critical acclaim for their portrayal of the military. ‘Major’m based on NSG commando Sandeep Unnikrishnan’s bravery during the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks, was released in 2022.

Military historian AVM Arjun Subramaniam says military movies have been an influential genre in the West that India is catching up to. “Indian filmmakers had it tough in terms of authentic research and access to material and people. Now, there are more sources of information, more books, and more articulate officers. Also, the defence establishment has realised that this is an effective form of outreach to show how the military that embodies the values of inclusiveness, secularism and multiculturalism has contributed to democracy.”

Subramaniam, who was advisor for ‘Sam Bahadur’, says it is amongst the few military biopic made after Independence and a good indicator of how nascent the genre is in India.

Many took their cue from the resounding success of ‘Uri: The Surgical Strike’ in 2019. “How’s the josh?” a dialogue by Vicky Kaushal’s character captured the public imagination. In 2021, ‘Shershaah’, based on Captain Vikram Batra who lost his life during the 1999 Kargil war, was also a success. ‘LOC Kargil’, ‘Lakshya’ and ‘Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl’ have been some of the other films on the subject.

Chibb, who wrote the story for ‘Fighter’ besides co-producing it, says that there is a marked change in how Bollywood approaches the subject. For starters, it’s ditching the earlier clichés of bandook and badi mooch. “Filmmakers are more sensitive to historical facts and are veering towards realism whether it is action, operational details or equipment. Earlier, there were times when the film would carry the wrong medals, uniform and weaponry,” he says.

Cringe-worthy scenes like an army officer wearing police medals, or a 25 or 26-year-old being portrayed at a senior position like a Lt General that takes 25 years of service come to mind. Chibb says ‘Fighter’, which has extensive aerial manoeuvres and authentic weaponry and equipment, will hopefully show the way.

Chibb says that he would watch Hollywood films like ‘Guns of Navarone’ and ‘Top Gun’ and find that ‘cool’ quotient missing in Bollywood films. He singles out ‘Vijeta’ (1982) and ‘Prahar’ (1991) as exceptions and close to authentic. “The industry has realized that military stories lend themselves to the screen: they have action, mystery and drama. When big stars are willing to play the characters, it makes a huge difference. It raises awareness about the military and increases recruitment,” he says.

After the controversy sparked by the release of ‘Gunjan Saxena’, where the military felt that facts had been distorted to show the air force as gender biased, it mandated that scripts would be cleared by the Additional Directorate General of Public Information (ADGPI). ADGPI can also recommend defence consultants for projects.

“The military has also opened access to cantonment areas, equipment and even using real soldiers that adds authenticity to the film,” says Major Sandeep Sangwan who was a defence consultant for ‘Pippa’. The movie was shot at the Armoured Corps School and Centre in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. In ‘Sam Bahadur’, Kaushal was allowed access to not only Field Marshal Sam Maneckshaw’s car but also his driver for the film scenes.

Filmmakers might have upped the standard with research, but critics say many of them still border on jingoism. Unlike films like ‘Dunkirk’ that examine military strategies or ‘American Sniper’ that explores PTSD in soldiers, most Bollywood films do not look at layered characters.

Subramaniam says, “Our DNA is not structured for an open investigation or learning from mistakes. Issues of national security are cloaked in secrecy. The public does not easily understand these matters.” This reflects in the paucity of books or availability of declassified archival material on the battles India has lost. Indian filmmakers also succumb to the temptation of adding romance and songs.

The military is one of the few institutions for which public support transcends regional and communal loyalties and that means serious moolah, an opportunity that Bollywood is gunning for.